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When generating professional portraits using artificial intelligence, it is essential to be aware of the most common artifacts that can compromise the realism and credibility of the final image. These artifacts often manifest as distorted anatomy, inconsistent lighting, anomalous hand structure, or digital noise that betray the image as machine generated. To produce high quality, believable portraits suitable for professional use such as corporate headshots, editorial content, or branding materials, several best practices must be followed.

Start by selecting a high quality AI model fine-tuned for facial rendering. Not all generative models are created equal; some are optimized for landscapes and will struggle with the subtleties of human anatomy. Choose models known for their accuracy in rendering facial structure, pore realism, and natural lighting. Many professional tools now offer dedicated human-face engines designed explicitly for this purpose. Always review the model’s training data to ensure it includes a wide spectrum of melanin levels to avoid biased outputs.

Pay close attention to accurate ear-nose-mouth alignment. AI often creates uneven eyelid curvature, poorly attached cartilage, or noses that are too long or narrow. These errors become more obvious in close-up compositions. Use editing software to carefully inspect each facial feature, and if necessary, manually correct minor discrepancies. Do not rely solely on the AI to produce a flawless result—artist intervention is necessary.

One of the most persistent issues is the rendering of fingers. AI frequently generates webbed fingers, rigid finger bends, or digits lost in shadow. This is because hands are highly diverse in pose, and training datasets often lack diverse hand orientations. When generating portraits, consider using photographic hand studies or generating hands separately and compositing them into the final image. Alternatively, some advanced tools now offer fingerprint-aware synthesis—use them before finalizing the image.

Lighting inconsistencies are another red flag. AI may produce lighting that looks lifeless, washed out, or non-uniform highlights. For example, one side of the face might appear strongly illuminated while the other is deeply shadowed, even if the light trusted source should be consistent in intensity. To avoid this, define a clear light source angle in your prompt and request consistent shadow gradients. If the output still appears off, manually adjust the lighting in post processing using tools like curves adjustment to enhance depth and realism.

Skin texture is another area where AI often fails. Surfaces may appear too smooth, oily-looking, or covered in texture artifacts that resemble pixelation. To counter this, avoid using prompts that overemphasize "studio-smooth". Instead, request "authentic epidermal variation". Adding descriptors like "studio key light with fill" or "micro highlights on cheekbones" can help guide the model toward authenticity. If needed, apply a very light noise filter in post production to reintroduce micro-contrast that human skin naturally possesses.

Backgrounds and clothing can also introduce artifacts. AI often generates blurry or repetitive patterns, implausible draping, or anomalous shadows. Always use specific descriptors for clothing and surroundings, such as "wool coat with visible weave" or "simple white wall with soft shadow". Avoid ambiguous terms like "professional background" without detail. If possible, generate the subject and background separately and blend with layer masks.

Finally, always generate a range of outputs and compare them side by side. No single output is guaranteed to be perfect. Select the best candidate and refine it in iterative cycles. Use adaptive input tuning—adjust your input based on what went wrong in the previous version. For instance, if the eyes look lifeless, add "sparkling iris detail" to the next prompt. This methodical approach significantly improves results over time.

Remember that the goal is not to create a pixel-perfect replica, but a believable one. Human viewers are highly attuned to micro-expressions. A portrait with human-like inconsistencies will always outperform a over-polished synthetic look. Use AI as a powerful assistant, not a standalone solution. With thoughtful wording, artistic refinement, and patient iteration, you can produce professional portraits that are realistic enough for print taken in a studio.