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It is an proxy frequently called a proxy server is software that acts as an intermediary between client and server on the internet. Without a proxy, a user will send a request for resource directly to a server, and it would then serve that resource to its user directly. This is not difficult to comprehend and apply the proxy feature can provide advantages like improved performance as well as privacy, security and so on. As an additional layer of pass-through, they serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.




The general entire set of hardware used by servers and the software used to install proxy is commonly referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies commonly referred to as software and in relation to web servers. The article will offer an explanation of the two major kinds of proxies. They include forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own usage situation, and is frequently confused due to the overlapping naming convention.




This article will provide you with an understanding of what proxies and their subtypes are, as well as how they function in common configurations. Through the article you'll know how to recognize the situations where using proxies can be beneficial and how to choose the best option between reverse and forward proxy, for each situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In the same way forward proxy also called an open proxy serves as the representative of the customer who wants to send requests via the internet to an original server. In this case the client's attempts to send requests by the client are instead transferred to the forward proxy. In this case, the forward proxy in the place in the place of the customer will look into the request. It is the first thing to determine if the client is authorized to receive requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then either deny any request or forward it to the original server. The client is not able to have direct access to the internet; it can only access what forward proxy allows it access to.




The primary reason for people for using forward proxies is to improve privacy or security online. A forward proxy utilizes the internet instead of a client and in that process it could use an alternative IP address from that of the client's initial IP address.




Based on the way it's setup, and how it's set up forward proxy can provide a range of features and also the capability to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on the geographic area.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that provide centralized security and access based on permissions like at work. If all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer administrators can grant access only to specific users to the internet through a common firewall. Instead of having firewalls for the client layer which could include various devices with various settings, users and settings, a firewall can be added to this forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to use in order to be utilized, whereas reverse proxies are able to be disregarded by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address from the user is transferred to the origin server via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be provided or rendered more transparent.




There are many possibilities to consider to find forward proxy options




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy functionality.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver that includes forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is a free forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't include the full web server. You can check out our guide on the best method of creating Squid proxy that allows private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, which makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. It is also possible to learn how to configure an Dante proxy to connect privately using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions in the role of an intermediary for web servers, taking care of the incoming requests of customers on behalf of the server. Web servers can comprise a single server, or a number of servers. It could also serve as an application server, like Gunicorn. In both cases, the request can originate from a user on the internet at large. In most cases, the request is sent directly to the server with the resources the client requires. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary that isolates your web server from interactions with the open internet.




From a client's perspective the experience when using reverse proxy is the same as interacting with your webserver directly. It is functionally the same and the user is unable to discern the difference. Client requests resources and is then able to receive it without any additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy providers offer features such as:




Security centralized on webservers.


Directing traffic in accordance with rules you set up.


New functionality added for caching.




While centralized security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy platforms, reverse proxy provides this service only to the server layer, and not to the layer that clients use. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on servers on the internet, which may contain several servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security could be focused in the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore eliminating the hassle of connecting to firewalls and dealing with requests from clients far from web servers allows them to concentrate on addressing the needs of their customers.




In the event of multiple servers that are in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also responsible for deciding which requests go on which server. There may be several web servers offering the same service, serving various kinds of resources, or a combination of both. They can utilize the HTTP protocol just like a standard web server, however they could also be outfitted with application server protocols such as FastCGI. A reverse proxy can be used to direct clients to specific servers depending on the kind of resource they are looking for, or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies benefit from their position on top of web servers through the ability to cache data. Large static files can be configured using caching policies to stop hitting web servers on each request. Certain solutions allow you to serve static content directly without ever touching the web server at all. In addition reverse proxy is capable of the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy option. While it's factual that Apache web server comes with a reverse proxy feature, however it's a distinct attribute of Apache but Nginx was designed originally for and focuses specifically on the reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy From Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations of directionality, they can be misleading when comparing "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxy are capable of handling requests as well as responses. A better approach to differentiate between reverse as well as forward proxies would be to study the requirements of the application that you're developing.




Reverse proxy is an important feature when designing a solution that can provide web-based applications over the internet. They serve as your servers when you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed in front of people for personal use, or even in a commercial environment. They represent your clients whenever you use the internet.




Utilizing case-based distinction instead of focusing only on naming conventions that are similar can prevent confusion.



Conclusion



The article described what a proxy is along with the two types of them being the both reverse and forward proxy. Examples of practical application scenarios as well as an analysis of useful features was utilized to differentiate between reverse and forward proxies. If you're looking to know more about the possibilities of proxies, you should read our guide on how to configure Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server for Apache in the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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