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It is a proxy often referred to as proxy server. It is a software that acts as an intermediary between client and server over the internet. Without proxy, a user will send a request for resource directly to the server and it would deliver that resource to its user directly. This is not difficult to comprehend and apply the use of proxy servers can offer advantages such as improved performance and privacy, security and more. As a further layer of pass-through, they are a way to secure the internet between servers and clients.




In general, the set of hardware used by servers and the software to install proxy servers is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies commonly referred to as software and in relation to web servers. The article will provide an explanation of the two main kinds of proxies. They are forward and reverse. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the overlapping namesake convention.




This article will provide you with an understanding of what proxies and their subtypes are, as well as how they work in normal configurations. Through this article, you'll learn what situations in which using proxies can be advantageous, and choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy for each situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In another way forward proxy also called an open proxy serves as the representative of a client who wishes to forward requests over the internet to an originating server. In this situation the client's requests sent by the client will instead be sent to the forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy acting in the place of the client will look into the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is authorized to receive requests from this particular forward proxy. It will then either deny any request or forward it to the original server. The client does not have an internet connection directly; it can only connect to what forward proxy allows the client to access.




The most popular reason to use forward proxies is to improve privacy or security online. A forward proxy uses the internet instead of a client, and may use a different IP address from that of the client's initial IP address.




Depending on how it's been set up depending on how it's configured forward proxy can provide many features and also the capability to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your geographical area.




Forward proxies are also employed in systems that offer centralized security and access based on user permissions like in the workplace. If all traffic on the internet flows via an open forward proxy administrators can grant access to only certain users to the internet filtered through a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed for the client layer, which may contain multiple devices with various settings, users and environments, a firewall may be set up at the forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to use before they can be used, while reverse proxy servers are able to be disregarded by clients. Based on the fact that your IP address client is transferred to the origin server through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or made clear.




There are many possibilities to explore to find forward proxy options




Apache: A popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy capability.


Squid: A free forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't include the full web server. You can check out our article on the best method to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, which makes it better to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. It's also a good idea to look into how to set up an Dante proxy for private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts as an agent for web servers, taking care of incoming requests from customers on its behalf. The web server may comprise a single server, or even multiple servers. It could also be used for application servers, like Gunicorn. In both cases, a request could originate from a user on the internet at large. The majority of the time, this request is sent directly to the website server with the resources that the user requires. In contrast, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary to isolate your website server from any interactions with the internet's open.




From a client's perspective the experience of using reverse proxy is the same as interacting with your webserver directly. It is functionally identical and users cannot tell the distinction. The client requests a resource, and then receives it, without any additional configuration or input from the end user.




Reverse proxies provide options like:




Security centralized to web server.


Directing traffic in accordance with rules you create.


New feature added to caching.




While centralized security can be a benefit for both reverse and forward proxy, the reverse one provides this service only to the server layer and not to the layer that clients use. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the web server layer which may contain several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of firewall security may be centered in the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore eliminating the hassle of connecting to a firewall as well as dealing with requests from clients far from web servers permits the firewall to concentrate on addressing the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers that are in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable for deciding which requests go to which server. There may be several web servers providing the exact same service, serving various kinds of resources, or a combination of both. They may use the HTTP protocol just like a standard web server, but can also be equipped with application server protocols like FastCGI. A reverse proxy can be used to direct clients to particular servers based on the type of resource they are searching for, or adhere to specific rules for traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also take advantage of their placement on top of web servers by offering the ability to cache information. The large static file can also be configured using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers with each request. Some solutions providing the option to deliver static content directly, without having to connect to the server. In addition reverse proxy has the capability of compressing these files.




The well-known Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy service. While it's true that the Apache web server is also equipped with a reverse proxy however, it's a separate function of Apache but Nginx was designed originally to and is focused specifically on the reverse proxy feature.



Distinguishing Forward Proxy From Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" in addition to "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and can lead to misleading comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic. The labels are confusing because both types of proxies can handle requests and also respond. The best way to distinguish between reverse or forward proxies is to research the requirements of the application that you are developing.




Reverse proxy is an essential feature when designing a solution which can offer web-based services via the internet. They serve as your servers when you interact using the internet.




A forward proxy is useful when it is placed in front of people for personal use, or even in a business setting. They represent your clients whenever you use the internet.




Utilizing case-based differentiation rather than focusing exclusively on similar names will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article described what a proxy is along with the two types of them, namely the forward and reverse proxy. Examples of practical application scenarios and a review of useful features was utilized to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the benefits of proxies, you can check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server to Apache using Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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